Birthright Unplugged

Birthright Unplugged's Communiqué

Fall 2007

Dear Birthright Unplugged friends,

In the past month we have shared with you some of our media successes of the summer, and we are writing now to tell you about our work on the ground in Palestine this busy season.

The summer began for us in Jenin refugee camp. Our pre-trip visits made it clear that this would be one of our most daunting Re-Plugged trips. The entire Jenin district is under a virtual lockdown by the Israeli military, with between 5-8 checkpoints between the refugee camp and Jerusalem. Often as we traveled we encountered soldiers with machine guns drawn and trained on the grid-lock of cars that are corralled throughout the day.

This summer, we worked with 20 girls and boys from the Freedom Theatre and took them to Jerusalem, the sea, and the villages their grandparents were expelled from in 1948. We usually work with children from 2 or 3 different villages; this time they were from 11 villages. While this was logistically ambitious for us, we chose to work this way because the children were part of a creative community and wanted to work together after the trip on a number of projects related to it. With help from many volunteers, including Palestinians from ’48 (Israel), Sweden, and the United States, we split into groups and managed to take each child to her/his own village.

There continue to be Israeli-imposed barriers to Palestinians with Israeli citizenship connecting with Palestinians with West Bank IDs, as Israel forbids its citizens from entering the most populated areas where Palestinians live under occupation. In an effort to connect Palestinians across these divides, we work with a cooperating Palestinian organization. This time, Baladna of Haifa hosted us in their homes and youth center and joined us for the village visits. We were fortunate to have with us Palestinian guides spanning three generations and all with a wealth of knowledge about the places we visited.

For all of the children this was a unique journey and filled with meaningful experiences, some of which they describe in the exhibition we prepared with them after the trip. Here are a few stories that stand out for us:

• As we left Haifa in 3 buses for the villages, Bilal, whose grandparents are from Zir’in, got on the bus headed to Um Il Fahm instead. When we asked him why he switched groups he refused to tell us, and we assumed it was for social reasons. When the group arrived in Um Il Fahm, a thriving Palestinian city, his reason became clear. A woman ran toward the bus crying and holding children by the hand. It was his sister, whom he hadn’t seen in 5 years because she is married and living in Um Il Fahm. Bilal’s sister is also subject to Israeli travel restrictions which make it illegal for her travel between the city where she lives and Jenin refugee camp, a short distance away, where her family lives.
• Naqa’s family is from Ayn Hawd, a village that was occupied in 1948 but not destroyed. The expelled villagers fled to neighboring countries, to Jenin, and to a forested hilltop just a couple kilometers away. Naqa’s’ distant relatives camped on the hilltop and for decades have struggled to establish a new village, also called Ayn Hawd, To this day, the new Ayn Hawd is only partially recognized by the Israeli government. The original village is now inhabited by Israeli artists and called a Hebraized version of Ayn Hawd. Naqa’ had directions from her grandparents about how to find their house. As she approached the mosque, now a restaurant/bar, she took an abrupt turn that led her down a narrow passageway through overgrown fruit trees. Our group followed until we arrived in what is now the back yard. We were heard by the Dutch man and Israeli woman now living inside and when they learned why we had come, they invited the group in. Naqa’ stood aside and began to cry, her hands full of pomegranates, pine cones and rocks she’d found on the property. The Dutch man, in an attempt to soothe her, said, “It’s okay, you can come back another time, it’s no problem.” A boy from the group replied, “Actually, it is a problem. When she turns 16 next year, the Israeli army will not let her come.
• Ahmed and Mohammed are brothers from what was in 1948 the small village of Burayka. After the 336 residents were expelled by Zionist militias, their 63 homes were destroyed by Israeli orders and the village was turned into an Israeli military base. Later, the base was closed and the former village became a trash dump. Our guide led us near the area where the houses had been and the boys called their grandfather in Jenin refugee camp. Ahmed, holding the phone to his ear, looked out at the hills that surround the destroyed village and described what he saw. Their grandfather, who was about their age when he and his family fled, guided the boys through barbed wire, brambles and trash to a series of mounds adjacent to a tree. The mounds, piles of stones covered in rusting blowing garbage, is where their grandfathers house once stood. In 1948, as the boys’ grandfather fled with his family, he carved his name in the tree by his house. Almost 60 years later, this tree bearing his name is the only evidence of their presence on the land.

The children involved in this year’s Re-Plugged trip worked on an exhibit which was on view in the camp and is now hanging at the Arab American University in Jenin, and an additional copy is available for exhibition outside of Palestine.

As the 60th anniversary of the 1948 Nakba approaches - May 15, 2008 - we are thinking about the most effective ways to include the widest variety of refugee experiences in our Re-Plugged work. On the horizon may be some work with children in Gaza, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon, and we hope that our trips and exhibits get more exposure throughout the US in 2008.

Re-Plugged continues to be deeply moving for the children and their communities, and we are honored to facilitate it. We are also supporting others to do similar work. In the summer of 2006, we wrote a manual about how to lead trips like Re-Plugged, and have been sharing it. We recently read a report that Tel Rumeida, a neighborhood in Khalil (Hebron) that we worked from last year, took over 100 Palestinian children to Jerusalem and the sea this summer.

After Re-Plugged ended, we began to prepare for Unplugged, which brought two groups of mostly Jewish North American people on 6 day trips to Palestinian cities, villages, refugee camps, and destroyed/occupied villages. Although we have done this trip ten times now, we continue to learn each time, as the discourse changes slightly with each trip. This summer in particular we noticed that more of our Palestinian friends and colleagues, and our Israeli friends and colleagues living in the West Bank, said that they feel that the prospects for a viable two state solution may be over and that one state with equal rights for all may be the only solution to advocate for. Though we heard overwhelming apprehension about the near future, and despite a trajectory that has seen very few positive changes on the ground in their communities for decades, all these people continue to work nonviolently for justice.

We also add new elements into our Unplugged itinerary each time. This summer we were able to arrange video conferences with staff from the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme (GCMHP). Both the circumstances and the content of the conversations created a mood which moved our Unplugged participants. Gaza is just over two hours’ drive from Ramallah, where we sat in a studio as the fuzzy bleached images of our guests was piped into a monitor suspended from the ceiling. Throughout the call, a lightning bolt flashed on the screen signaling the spotty electricity that all residents of Gaza endure. Our guests spoke of the difficulties of doing therapy with children as they sustain ongoing trauma from persistent Israeli military attacks. They spoke of the isolation Gazans feel, and encouraged us all to work to open the borders of Gaza to Egypt and to Israel so that a million and a half people do not continue to live in a prison.

This talk and other experiences have propelled our Unplugged participants to deeper thought and action already. Two of our participants who were planning to study at Israeli universities changed their plans during the trip in accordance with the indigenous Palestinian call for a boycott of Israeli goods, services, and institutions. One is now studying at Bir Zeit University near Ramallah and the other is looking into a master’s program at the American University of Cairo. Several of our participants have remained in Palestine to study Arabic and work with solidarity organizations, and others have returned to their communities to begin working on the ideas they developed while on the trip.

Our past participants have been active as well. Since we last wrote, many of our participants have been involved in organizing alternative Passover seders and actions, one has worked to develop a day-long tour program with the Palestine Solidarity Project in Beit Ummar village, two have been living in Ramallah and working on water issues and health issues with Palestinian organizations, one has been organizing the upcoming fall tour for Wheels of Justice, a few have been working to develop an anti-Zionist Jewish network, and several were involved in Nakba Day events and other ongoing actions and public art campaigns bringing awareness to Palestine.

We hope that both our Re-Plugged and Unplugged programs contribute to bringing about a more just and humane situation than now exists in Palestine. It is an uphill battle, and we thank you for your support of our work.

Sincerely,

Dunya and Hannah

For details on our programs visit www.birthrightunplugged.org
To donate to Birthright Unplugged visit www.birthrightunplugged.org/donate

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CNN International reports on Birthright Unplugged

August, 2007

To see this video you need to download the (free) "Flash player".

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Counter Tourism

By Benjamin Joffe-Walt | Boston Globe | July 22, 2007

BOLD STEPS Hannah Mermelstein, left, and Dunya Alwan in Alwan's Jamaica Plain home. The women reject Israel's Law of Return, which grants citizenship to virtually any person of Jewish ancestry, and with their West Bank tour are determined to show other Jews the hardships that Palestinians face. (Globe Staff Photo/Suzanne Kreiter)

It's pouring as Hannah Mermelstein and Dunya Alwan lead their tour group along the Israeli separation barrier in Bethlehem. The group gazes at the reinforced concrete wall, which rises more than 20 feet and is covered in graffiti: "I am not a terrorist." "We caged." "Bridges not walls." And, on a colossal closed gate: "We will open." The tourists stand in silence, running their hands along the wet concrete, snapping photographs, crying.

This is what Birthright Unplugged is all about. Founded two years ago, the tiny Boston- based tour of the West Bank was designed to give Jews and others an intimate look at Palestinian life on both sides of the wall. It was created by Mermelstein and Alwan as a sharp contrast to Birthright Israel (officially known as Taglit-birthright israel), a free Zionist tour of Israel that has become the standard first exposure to the country for thousands of young Jews around the world. The women reject the premise that Jews have a birthright to the land and condemn Israel's Law of Return, which grants citizenship to virtually any person of Jewish ancestry. With Birthright Unplugged, they lead tourists through Palestinian cities and villages, introduce them to Palestinians from farmers to politicians, and arrange home stays with families in refugee camps.

At one military checkpoint, hundreds of Palestinians wait in line as the tour arrives. The Palestinians' anger is palpable as, one at a time, each is screened with metal detectors and by soldiers. When it's the Unplugged group's turn, Alwan says, "We're about to be racially profiled and get the long straw." Indeed, Israeli soldiers wave the entire tour through without even a glance at passports. An older Palestinian man, not part of the tour, produces an Israeli permit but is denied passage with a dismissive wave. "Why?" he asks in English. "Just because," the soldier replies in Hebrew. The man is told later his pass was for the next day.

Mermelstein and Alwan say nothing about the incident. "Hannah and Dunya lead in a quiet way," says Marjorie Dove Kent of Jamaica Plain, who participated in the tour. At one point, Kent recalls, she and others witnessed settlers throwing rocks and shouting racial slurs at Palestinians. "I turned and looked at Hannah and Dunya," she says. "There was no lecture, no diatribe. They just looked back at me and let me think for myself."

Birthright Israel, funded partly by the government, has flown more than 140,000 young Jews to visit Israel since 2000. Birthright Unplugged - funded by donations from participants, Boston house parties, and small grants - has brought in about 60 people. But in this lopsided battle to win the hearts and minds of young Jews, the two women are drawing media attention in Israel and the United States and counting their victories one tourist at a time. "We're really the little engine that could," says Alwan, who, along with Mermelstein, spends at least four months each year in the West Bank running the tour.

Over six days, participants - most are young Jewish adults, but anyone is welcome - use public Palestinian transportation and stay in youth hostels, refugee camps, and villages. The women try to avoid violence but say it is Israelis, not Palestinians, who threaten them, and there are occasional scares. On one trip, the group was assaulted with stones by Israeli children in Hebron when trying to visit a Palestinian family. (The tourists quickly took cover, and no one was seriously hurt.)

Alwan, 43, who lives in Jamaica Plain, attributes her passion to her parents' interest in the civil rights movement and her preteen years in Egypt, where she saw firsthand the plight of Palestinian refugees. The daughter of a Muslim-Jewish marriage, she also spent part of her childhood in Indiana, Washington, D.C., and Boston. Mermelstein, 27, a resident of Dorchester, grew up in a liberal Jewish family outside of Philadelphia, taking numerous trips to Israel. At the start of the 2000 Palestinian uprising known as the second Intifadah, she began seriously questioning Zionism. "I realized that some of my beliefs were contradictory," she says. She met Alwan in 2003 while both were volunteering for a West Bank-based human rights organization.

Birthright Israel initially threatened to sue Birthright Unplugged over its name but has decided against it. "We are not interested in promoting Birthright Unplugged," says Gidi Mark, Birthright Israel's international marketing director. "They ride on our success, and to take someone's name is immoral." Others disagree with the premise of the Unplugged tour. "I'm pained by Jews saying we have no birthright to the land of Israel," says Morton Klein, president of the Zionist Organization of America. "It's sad and pathetic." He adds: "The problem is they're promoting absolute falsehoods about Israel being responsible for the Palestinian Arabs in refugee camps."

The women are undaunted by detractors. "I'm sitting here in Jamaica Plain and, with Jewish ancestry, I'm eligible to move to Israel, buy a home, have full citizenship rights and live in a place from which somebody else was displaced," Alwan says. "It makes no sense to me. . . . We teach 4-year-olds better when they start taking other people's toys."

The women also run a tour called Re-Plugged, a two-day trip for Palestinian children who want to visit their grandparents' ancestral villages, the Mediterranean Sea, and Jerusalem before age 16, when Israel restricts their mobility. "There is a powerful image that will never leave me," says former Unplugged participant Ilana Lerman, who helped chaperon kids on a Re-Plugged tour. "When Hannah and Dunya took the children to see the sea, one girl called her sister and told her to listen. She ran to the tide and placed the phone just over it."

"This is what I'd like to see more of in the world," says Alwan when reminded of the girl. "People of conscience saying, 'This is what should be happening. This is the right thing, and I'm gonna do it.'"

Benjamin Joffe-Walt is a freelance writer who lives in Tel Aviv. Send comments to magazine@globe.com.

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A Grittier Trip to the Holy Land

By Sarina Rosenberg | Newsweek | May 21, 2007

A Birthright Unplugged participant passes through a gate in a wall that surrounds a Palestinian family's home in the West Bank village of Mas'ha. Photo: Dan Charnas, Birthright Unplugged alum, Summer 2006.

The Israel that 18,000 young Jewish Americans will see this summer on the free, 10-day trip offered by Taglit-birthright Israel is a land of ancient religious sites, sandy beaches and buff young soldiers. "It's a Jewish identity trip," says Wayne L. Firestone, president of Hillel, which runs one of the largest Birthright tours. But according to Dunya Alwan and Hannah Mermelstein, two Boston-based activists, the Birthright-sanctioned trips don't give a true picture of Israel because they minimize the experience of the Palestinian people. (Mermelstein is Jewish; Alwan, the child of a Muslim-Jewish marriage, calls herself a "secular Muslim-Jew.") In 2005, the pair launched Birthright Unplugged, an "alternative" tour of the West Bank in which the Palestinian narrative takes center stage. This Israel is a land of refugee camps, military checkpoints and security fences. "We want to put people that would otherwise not have the access in direct contact with the Palestinian people," Mermelstein says.

The Unplugged tours are relatively tiny, with just 60 travelers in two years, compared with Birthright's 125,000 in seven years, but applications are increasing. The six-day trip costs $350 and stops at Hebron, Ramallah and Dheisheh, a Palestinian refugee camp in Bethlehem. (Birthright avoids areas controlled by the Palestinian Authority.) Accommodations reflect Palestinian living conditions, Mermelstein says—the group rides in local buses and opts for home stays over hotels. Nova McGiffert, 24, an Austin, Texas, social worker who traveled on both Birthright and Birthright Unplugged last winter, says the latter drove home what she called the devastating results of an Israeli occupation. "During Unplugged, all of my nightmares came true about the realities of the situation," she says.

Unplugged travelers have angered the larger Birthright operation by using the latter to get to Israel free of charge, then extending their stay to experience Unplugged. "Showing the Palestinian side is not the mandate we receive from our donors," Taglit-birthright Israel spokesman Gidi Mark says. "It's abusing their generosity."

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Refugees’ photographs stolen from Allston library

By Tony Lee | Metro Boston | April 26, 2007

BOSTON. In what the victims are considering a politically motivated theft, 18 photographs shot by Palestinian refugee children were taken last week from the Horan-Allston branch of the Boston Public Library.

The midday heist removed half of an exhibit created by children from a West Bank refugee camp who were taken by a Boston-based organization to areas of modern-day Israel from where their grandparents were expelled last century.

Boston Police are still investigating the incident, as others lament the loss as another way to keep these children from having their say.

“ Palestinian voices are often suppressed,” said Dunya Alwan, co-founder of Birthright Unplugged, which escorted the 27 children to their ancestral lands in January. “Part of the reason we [take the children on such trips] is because of acts like this.”

Alwan said she was notified of the theft by an e-mail from the library, which would not comment pending an investigation. Initially, she said she was sad, knowing how far the photos traveled only to be taken away. “

They were hung up on Friday, [the exhibit] opened on Saturday and they were lost Thursday,” Alwan said. “Its journey was long and its stay at the library so short.”

Boston Police spokesman Officer David Estrada said the theft took place between 4-5 p.m. from a room separate from the main library. According to Alwan, if police cannot track down the originals, a set of duplicates will be sent from the West Bank. The remaining photos are set to remain on display until May 25 while the library works to make the area more secure.

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Birthright Unplugged Press Release

April 25, 2007

PALESTINIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN'S ART STOLEN FROM BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
Organizers Suspect Political Motives

April 25 Boston On April 19, 2007, eighteen photographs were stolen from an exhibit documenting Palestinian children's journey to Jerusalem, the sea, and their ancestral lands. The exhibit, which opened on April 14, was hanging in the Honan-Allston branch of the public library, and was scheduled to remain there until May 25.

The exhibit was created by children from Balata refugee camp in Nablus, West Bank. In January 2007, the Boston-based organization Birthright Unplugged took the children on a trip to areas that their grandparents were expelled from and that their families have been prohibited from returning to since Israel was established in 1948. The children documented their experiences and created an exhibit.

"An important part of our work is the ability to bring Palestinian voices to people in the United States," says Birthright Unplugged co-founder Hannah Mermelstein. "This is a sad reminder that members of our community will resort even to theft to silence these voices."

While the thieves of the artwork are unknown, Birthright Unplugged organizers suspect that the motives were political. Library staff from the Honan-Allston branch said that this is the first time a theft of this kind has happened there, although they often display art exhibits.

"We are grateful to the Boston Public Library for allowing us to share these children's images and words," says Birthright Unplugged co-founder Dunya Alwan. "We are working with library staff to replace and re-hang the photos as soon as possible."

Birthright Unplugged has taken more than 80 children on these "Re-Plugged" trips since January 2006, and more than 60 North American people, mostly Jewish, on 6-day "Unplugged" trips through the West Bank since July 2005.

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Birthright Unplugged's Communiqué

Spring, 2007

Dear Birthright Unplugged friends,

We’re back in Boston after another successful season of Unplugged and Re-Plugged trips, and are writing to tell you about our work this past winter and what we experienced in Palestine. We are receiving more Unplugged applications than ever before and are able to select people who will become involved in related social justice work after the trip. Finding participants for our Re-Plugged trips has never been a problem, as millions of Palestinian people would love to see their ancestral lands.

Our season began as a Palestinian-American colleague who we had planned to work with on a documentary was detained at the airport for two days, denied entry to the country, and boarded on a plane against her will. This case is only one of thousands since Israel has begun prohibiting Palestinian people with foreign passports from entering Palestine.

Movement restrictions affect not only entry into Palestine, but travel throughout the region as well. During our last trip in summer 2006, there were more than 700 physical barriers to movement in the West Bank (checkpoints, roadblocks, trenches, sniper towers, etc.). There are now around 500 of these barriers, but we find that people’s movement and access is restricted in other less tangible ways and that people are actually traveling less, not more, than we have ever seen before.

This winter twenty participants, ages 12-67, joined our Unplugged trips. One participant came on the trip to learn more for the Bar Mitzvah project he is working on. Many of our participants stayed in Palestine afterwards to continue the work with connections they established on our trip. All of our participants are interested in working for justice in the region, and many have already become involved in organizing efforts in the US and Canada since returning home.

Throughout the six days that our Unplugged groups traveled together, we heard stories of the effects of the continued US embargo against the Palestinian government and people. We heard about longtime Birthright Unplugged friends receiving demolition orders for their homes. We saw countless Palestinian people denied passage from city to city and village to village within the West Bank. And, as always, we heard and saw examples of daily life under occupation and the constant struggle to survive and resist injustice.

Every season we take our Unplugged groups to visit the city of Khalil/Hebron, a city that experiences more settler violence than any other. One neighborhood we always visit is Tel Rumeida, an area with a handful of ideological Jewish Israeli settlers living amongst the few Palestinian families that remain in their homes. To protect these settlers, dozens of soldiers patrol the streets at all hours, and the Palestinian residents must pass through three checkpoints and a metal detector just to reach their homes. During our first trip this year, as we tried to visit the family we have visited with so many other groups, we passed through the first checkpoint rather quickly, but at the second checkpoint were stopped. We waited in the rain while the Israeli soldiers took their time consulting their commander on the phone. We could see the family’s home 50 meters in front of us on the right side of the street, and the settlement trailer an equal distance on the left side. Finally a soldier informed us that the family could not receive visitors today, that we must have special permits to be in the area.

When we returned with our second group a month later, we were also prohibited from completing our trek up the hill to the home, but the owner of the house came to meet with us on the street corner, informing us as he pointed at a woman up the street that the true army commander of the area was Sarah, a settler who he says makes decisions about who can and can’t enter the neighborhood.

This and many other experiences inspired our Unplugged participants to become active immediately after the trips ended. Many people became involved directly with organizations on the ground right after our trips ended. One person went to teach English and learn Arabic with children in a Palestinian circus, one person began training to lead tours with the Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions, one person helped research land records for a Palestinian family displaced from Jerusalem in 1948, and several people volunteered with the International Women’s Peace Service and other organizations supporting Palestinian nonviolent resistance. In addition, two of our alumni staffed our Re-Plugged trip, accompanying the Palestinian children we travel with.

This winter our Re-Plugged trip began in Balata refugee camp, the largest camp in the West Bank. Located in Nablus, Balata is also one of the most dense camps, with around 24,000 people living inside one square kilometer. Approximately 14,000 of these people are children under the age of 18, and we partnered with the Yafa Cultural Center to take 26 of these girls and boys to visit Jerusalem, the sea, and the villages that their grandparents were expelled from in 1948.

Nablus is surrounded by checkpoints that have become increasingly difficult to cross since 2000. Oftentimes the checkpoints are closed altogether, with nobody able to leave the city. The best case scenario is that people of certain ages and with certain permits are able to cross after waiting in hot sun or cold rain, depending on the time of year.

The day we crossed with the children of Balata, we found the checkpoint “open.” We arrived at the checkpoint after a five minute drive in eight taxis from the camp. We reminded the children that if asked they should say we were going to Ramallah, because movement from Nablus to Jerusalem is even more heavily controlled than movement from Nablus to Ramallah. With our foreign passports and the children’s young ages, we were able to pass through the checkpoint relatively quickly, moving past a couple hundred people who continued to wait. One of the boys who looks older than he is was stopped and questioned, but joked his way to the other side, where we boarded the yellow-plated bus bound for Jerusalem.

In Palestine/Israel, Israelis and people with Jerusalem ID drive yellow-plated vehicles, enabling them freedom of movement that West Bank Palestinians do not have with their green-plated cars. We suspected that with our yellow-plated bus with Hebrew writing on the side, we would not be stopped at any other checkpoints. In case we were, though, we carried the children’s birth certificates with us, proving that they were under 16 years old and thus technically not prohibited from traveling because they did not yet carry Israeli-issued ID cards.

Over the next two days, as we traveled with the children, we shared another wonderful and bittersweet journey. We arrived in Jerusalem on a Friday, when thousands of other Muslim Palestinian people were entering the old city. Many of the children joined the crowds in prayer at Al Aqsa mosque, the third holiest site in Islam. After the prayer, a visit to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a walk through the old city, and lunch, we headed to the sea in Yaffa. On the way, the children laughed, sang, and listened to the bus driver as he told us historical information about where we were and what we were seeing.

Upon arrival at the sea, the children were so excited that they ignored the cold and windy January rain as they ran into the sea. We had been sharing our phones with the children all day so they could talk with their families, and at one point a girl approached Dunya and asked to call her sister. Dunya dialed and handed the girl the phone, who did not even greet her sister before saying, “hold on,” and running to the sea to hold the phone directly above the ocean waves.

At the end of this long day, we gathered at a Palestinian youth center and school in Yaffa where we thought we would be spending the night. Only 24 hours before we had contacted people at the center, and by the time we arrived we were informed that every child would have a home to stay in. We were thrilled, and most of the children happily introduced themselves to their hosts who, though Palestinian, live in a very different situation than the children from Balata. Even the children who were somewhat apprehensive returned in the morning with smiles as they showed us pictures they had taken with their host families.

That morning we took a brief tour of the old city of Yaffa, since most of the families in Balata are from this area. We then set off with a Palestinian guide to find the villages that the children were from. Our first stop was Yazur, a Palestinian village of 4,030 people before it was occupied and its population expelled in April of 1948. The village is now an Israeli town called Azur. The village mosque, built in the 1600s, is the only building still remaining, and is now a synagogue. The old village cemetery is now buried under a new Israeli highway. Unlike some of the other villages that we have visited on prior Re-Plugged trips, the village of Yazur now reflects a pattern of urban sprawl that has almost completely replaced the Palestinian heritage of the area.

What we found in the second village, Arab As-Sawalimeh, was quite similar. In this village, it is a school room and not the mosque that remains to this day, and the building is now used not as a synagogue but as a yeshiva, a school for religious Jewish study. As we walked through the streets and playgrounds of the new Israeli community that has been built on the ruins of the old village, the children photographed stones from what may have been their grandparents’ homes, and gathered oranges from trees that their grandparents may have planted.

We headed back towards Nablus with the children, their oranges, and cameras filled with photos. Over the next two weeks we worked with the children to narrow their 1,200 photos down to the 30 that we would use in their exhibit. The day of the exhibit, like the days of our trip, was also double-edged. The night before a man from Balata had been killed by Israeli forces, and while the children were celebrating their exhibit, the camp was burying one of its young men. The children photographed the burial and other aspects of their life in the camp, and we printed a second copy of the exhibit to bring back to the US.

The exhibit is now hanging at the Honan-Allston branch of the Boston Public Library, and is available to travel more after May. In addition, the children’s channel of Al Jazeera joined us on our Re-Plugged trip and made a 3 minute piece that will air throughout the Middle East on Nakba Day (May 15 – the day that marks Israel’s declaration of statehood and Palestinian people’s displacement and dispossession).

We have attracted the attention of several journalists in recent months, some of whom have joined us for part or all of our Unplugged and Re-Plugged trips. Journalists from Ha’aretz, the Boston Globe, and National Public Radio (NPR) have all worked on stories about us that have yet to air. We will let you know if and when they do.

We are currently accepting applications for our summer Unplugged trips and hope to work with children from The Freedom Theatre of Jenin refugee camp on our Re-Plugged trip.

Thank you, as always, for your support and interest in our work. With love,

Dunya & Hannah

For details on our programs visit birthrightunplugged.org
To donate to Birthright Unplugged visit birthrightunplugged.org/donate

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Entry Denied: Palestinian-Americans Among Thousands Blocked by Israel from Occupied Territories

Amy Goodman | Democracy Now | January 18, 2007

(To listen: www.democracynow.org/2007/1/18/entry_denied_palestinian_americans_among_thousands)

The Israeli government has effectively frozen visitation and re-entry of foreign nationals of Palestinian origin to the West Bank and Gaza. We go to Ramallah to speak with two coordinators of the “Campaign for the Right of Entry and Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory.” We’re also joined by a leading Israeli human rights attorney and a Palestinian-American filmmaker recently detained by Israeli officials and deported.

We begin in Ramallah where the Israeli government has effectively frozen visitation and re-entry of foreign nationals of Palestinian origin to the Occupied Territories. Activists and human rights advocates are claiming that since last year’s election of Hamas, thousands have been denied entry into the West Bank and Gaza. The Israeli government initially denied that there had been a policy change. But on Tuesday, the Israeli Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories released a letter stating that the policy of denying foreign nationals entry had been reversed. The letter was dated December 28th and had been sent to the Palestinian Authority.

Yet–the organization “Campaign for the Right of Entry and Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory” maintains that they know of at least 14 foreign citizens who only last week were denied entrance to the Territories. They say that in addition to being discriminatory, this policy is tearing families apart, blocking students from finishing their education, and keeping people from their jobs and businesses. The Israeli human rights group B’tzelem wrote in a recent report that the crackdown is part of a broader policy to limit the growth of the Palestinian population by “preventing the entry of spouses and children of residents, and by stimulating emigration from the area.”

We go now to the Occupied Territories where Sam Bahour and Anita Abdullah are with us from Ramallah.

• Sam Bahour. Palestinian-American businessman and one of the coordinators of the Campaign for Right of Entry/Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory.

• Anita Abdullah. Anita is on the coordinating committee for the Campaign for the Right of Entry/Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory. She is a researcher at Birzeit University, Institute of Community and Public Health.

• Leah Tsemel. Israeli Human Rights Lawyer.

• Suzy Salamy.Palestinian-American filmmaker recently denied entry by Israeli authorities.

AMY GOODMAN: Well, we’re going to go to the Occupied Territories now. Sam Bahour and Anita Abdullah are with us now from Ramallah in the West Bank. Sam is a Palestinian American businessman, one of the coordinators of the Campaign for Right of Entry/Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory. Anita Abdullah is one of the other coordinators for the campaign. She’s a researcher at Birzeit University, married to a Palestinian. Leah Tsemel is on the phone with us from Jerusalem. She’s an Israeli human rights lawyer. We welcome you all to Democracy Now!

Sam Bahour, why don’t we begin with you? Can you talk about the issue—you’re in Ramallah right now, though you are a Palestinian American businessman who also lives here. What’s the problem?

SAM BAHOUR: Well, we have, many of us, the bulk being Palestinian Americans, but foreign nationals of different countries, have come back or come to Palestine following the Oslo Peace Accords to contribute to building a different kind of Palestinian reality, one free of Israeli occupation and one that can merge into the nation-states of the world. And we’ve been here during the good and bad.

We have only been allowed by the Israelis to remain in Palestine with our families and our businesses and our livelihood via tourist visas. That’s the only mechanism that Israel allowed foreign nationals, people who, like myself and like my colleague Anita, who don’t have Palestinian residency, Israeli-issued ID cards to come. My wife does have an Israeli-issued ID card, and many other spouses of foreign nationals do, as well. Israel has allowed us to apply for family unification, but they refuse to process those applications, so we’ve been here for ten, fifteen, some of us twenty and thirty years, coming in and out of the country every three months, as the only way Israel would allow us to.

Following the January legislative elections for the Palestinian Authority and the emergence of a Palestinian government led by Hamas, Israel took an unannounced measure of denying entry to all of those that left the country to renew their tourist visas. Upon re-entry, they were told they can no longer come back, under the premise, most of the time, of security. And basically, this has resulted into hundreds, if not thousands, of families being separated, as well as businesses being separated from their owners.

We are now in a phase where, after nine months of a very global campaign that mobilized people to speak out against this policy of emptying Palestine from Palestinians and foreign nationals, that for the first time ever Israel last month actually documented a policy reversal. That’s what it was being proclaimed to be. In reality, what we have is a document that puts in writing Israelis’ human rights abuses and violation of international humanitarian law. Even post this new announcement of a reversal of this denial-entry program, we’re seeing people who have been refused entry every single day. We had yet another one yesterday from the Ben Gurion Airport. So things have not changed; just the opposite.

The violations of international humanitarian law have now been documented by the Israeli occupation, and they very clearly say that not only, as you said in your introduction, that the visitation to the Occupied Territories is now restricted, but more importantly maybe are the 150,000 to 200,000 Palestinians that are demanding residency rights to remain with their families, and that’s completely omitted from the letter and basically being ignored by the Israelis completely, even though international law stipulates that families should not be separated under occupation. The occupying power, Israel, has obligations under international law, and they must follow those obligations. Otherwise, we have the law of the jungle, and that’s what Israel has created today: a reality of the law of the jungle.

And we’re asking our home countries, be it the US or otherwise, to take a stance not to allow Israel to continue to discriminate against their citizens when they’re entering Israel, because today we are being discriminated against. If you are an American citizen, such as I am, trying to enter at the Israeli border, if they know that we are from Palestinian ethnicity or that we’re heading towards going to the West Bank, we are either denied entry or entry is restricted. If you’re a Jewish American, or otherwise, coming to Israel or even coming to live in the illegal settlements spread out throughout the West Bank, you don’t go through these same restrictions.

JUAN GONZALEZ: I’d like to ask Anita Abdullah, you’re a researcher at Birzeit University. Your university has had a special impact as a result of this policy. Could you talk about that?

ANITA ABDULLAH: Excuse me? It has had a special impact on?

JUAN GONZALEZ: Your university. My understanding is that there are many faculty that have not been able to return to the Territories to be able to teach? Could you talk about the impact on the university of this policy?

ANITA ABDULLAH: Yes. That’s right. In fact, about 50% of students and faculty that were supposed to be here next year have either withdrawn or have not shown up, and several of them have been denied entry. About four or five faculty members and several students who came for a special program to study Arabic and about Palestinian society, they were turned back. And the program had to be drastically reduced.

AMY GOODMAN: Can you talk about the research you have done around the people who are not allowed to enter the Occupied Territories, Anita Abdullah?

ANITA ABDULLAH: Well, this is not part of my professional research. This is a part of the campaign that we are trying to document as many cases as possible who are being denied entry, who are not allowed to extend their visas, and thereby not allowed to live with their families or being in their jobs, and so forth. We have been able to document about 250 cases, although we estimate that there must be thousands, but most people do not want to have their case documented, because they are afraid that they will be stained and that this will make it more difficult for them to be allowed in once they go out.

Another thing is that most families in the West Bank, for example, where I live, is that they have several family members who have foreign passports and who have not been able to renew these permits, because of obstacles put in the way by the Israeli authorities, and the rest of the family is afraid to be punished collectively for those members of the family who might not have anymore a legal status here, a legal status in terms of the Israeli definition, although the Palestinian Authority wants them here.

AMY GOODMAN: We have to go to break. When we come back, we will continue our conversation and will, as well, be joined by the well-known Israeli human rights lawyer, Leah Tsemel. We are talking with Anita Abdullah on the coordinating committee of the Campaign for Right of Entry/Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, as well as Sam Bahour, who is a Palestinian American businessman, a part of that campaign, as well.

[break]

AMY GOODMAN: As the Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice made her way to the Occupied Territories, was in Ramallah on Sunday, there are a number of Palestinians who cannot go in and out as freely. We are talking with Anita Abdullah, as well as Sam Bahour. They are joining us from a Ramallah studio in the West Bank. And we’re joined by Leah Tsemel, who is an Israeli human rights lawyer, speaking to us from Jerusalem. Juan?

JUAN GONZALEZ: Yes, I’d like to ask Leah Tsemel, to what degree is the Israeli public aware of these restrictions? And what has been the government’s justification, although initially they weren’t even acknowledging that the restrictions existed?

LEAH TSEMEL: I believe that everyone in Israel is able to have all the information, because the information is overt; it’s in the daily press, on television. It’s well-published. But it seems that the Israeli public is quite indifferent or even supportive to this attitude towards the Palestinians. Obviously, I believe that this [inaudible] of denying Palestinians—Palestinians are required foreign citizenship from staying in the Occupied Territories or, for that matter, in Israel, and having roots there is an outcome of apartheid.

There is a need increasingly in Israel to segregate the Palestinians, to isolate them. And every educated, well-known people with impact or connections are not welcome. And I think this is the basis of this policy. They don’t want all these powerful foreigners, some of them with money, some of them with education; they don’t want them around. They want to have poor, needy Palestinians, who would sell their power of work cheaply, and that’s it. This is the main purpose, to isolate the Palestinians and to impoverish them. Therefore, it’s not a surprise that even the higher education policy is very clear. They don’t want to have those foreigners to teach in the different universities. They want to dry up the education, to dry up the economy, and to turn the Palestinians into even poorer and more needy people.

AMY GOODMAN: Sam Bahour, I wanted to ask you, what is the role of the American embassy when it comes to people like you? You’re a Palestinian American businessman.

SAM BAHOUR: Well, the role has been different in different times of this campaign. At the beginning of the campaign, back in March of 2006, we were being told that this is an Israeli immigration policy, and basically the US could not interfere with that. We challenged that position, because Israel does not have sovereignty over the Occupied Territories. There is a body of law called international humanitarian law that does have sovereignty while we’re under occupation, and it’s Israel’s obligation to apply international law here. And it’s the obligation of third states, be it the US or otherwise, to ensure that the protected people are protected under international law. And this is where the States needs to play a much more active role.

About six months into our campaign, we were able to lobby enough that we were able to find that Condoleezza Rice, the Secretary of State, in a statement in Washington, D.C., after one of her visits here, actually stated in a public statement that she would do, quote, “everything in her powers,” unquote, to make sure that American citizens are not discriminated against because of their ethnicity. She has been here since, and we have daily had people returned at Israel’s borders. Remember, there’s no other way to get to the Occupied Territories, except through coming into Israel, and they have a right, under law, to provide transit for anyone wanting to reach the Occupied Territories.

As far as the US is concerned, it’s even more complicated, because there’s a 1952 friendship treaty between the United States and Israel that obliges both parties to allow citizens of each other’s country free transit rights, not residency rights, because each has their own immigration policy, but transit rights. And it uniquely serves our purpose, because we’re not asking for residency or visitation rights to Israel. We are looking to reach the Occupied Territories to be able to serve our communities in building a different reality on the ground. And it’s kind of awkward that the US, being the leader of this quartet that’s working on the Middle East peace process, is turning a blind eye when the community of foreign nationals are being turned back, while at the same time calling for more pluralism in Palestine.

The foreign national community here, whether it’s Palestinian backgrounds or foreign nationals from other countries, are all part of the plural part of our society. And, as Attorney Tsemel said, most of them have resources, whether it be academic, medical or economic, that can serve to build a different kind of Palestine. And the international community needs to acknowledge that Palestine cannot change into what they want it to be by remote control. We need our human resources to be tapped to be able to serve building a different kind of Palestine.

JUAN GONZALEZ: And, Sam Bahour, in terms of the Israeli policy toward foreigners who are not Palestinian nationals or other Americans, for instance, are they giving them more ability to travel into the Territories than the Palestinian nationals who are holding foreign citizenship?

SAM BAHOUR: Absolutely not. Those of us from Palestinian ethnicity are facing this on a regular basis. Equally are facing it, those that are not from Palestinian background. We’ve had several people approach the campaign, teachers from an American school here in Ramallah that have been turned back. We’ve had business people, some very large business concerns, US business concerns, on the ground here in Ramallah serving the economy at large; they were turned back.

The policy has been rather generic in its application, and I think it goes to show, even one step further, that we can take President Carter’s word of “apartheid” and the Israeli researcher Ilan Pappe’s word of “ethnic cleansing” and put those two things together, and the result of that equation would be a continued unilateral Israeli policy to empty Palestine from Palestinians or any other resources that are interested in building Palestine.

So we are just as committed to ending the occupation as everyone else, but we feel that our contribution to ending the occupation may be building bridges and building an economy or building an education system, and it seems that Israel doesn’t want even a constructive approach to building Palestine. The only result of this will be emptying Palestine of about a half a million Palestinians, as well as creating, as Attorney Tsemel said, an economy that’s basically a Somalia-style economy. And I fear that if the international community does not rise to the occasion and make sure international law is applied by Israel, as the law defines, then we will be in for another round of violence that’s much more worse than we’ve seen before.

AMY GOODMAN: I wanted to ask Leah Tsemel about first the Israeli government denying there was a policy around freezing visitation and re-entry, and then issuing this policy change, the Israeli Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories releasing a letter stating the policy of denying foreign nationals entry had been reversed. Do you hold out hope with this letter’s release?

LEAH TSEMEL: I heard about the letter. I haven’t seen the consequences on the ground yet. I think there is a general tendency—this has always been the tendency to encourage people who have studied abroad or have married foreigners to immigrate, to empty the Territories as much as possible. And until I will realize that everyone can enter and stay on the visa tourist and then leave and come back again, I would not believe that there is a major change.

I wanted also to mention one very important point. We get information that there are close, or more even than half-million Israelis who live in the United States and have dual nationalities. Those and most of the Israelis have a second passport and third passport and third nationality, just to kind of—to be on the safe side. I think that there should be a demand for mutuality, the same as that Jew Israelis have toward our American citizens, we, the Americans, have to your Israeli citizens, because Israelis can come and go with the re-entry permit or, as I said, other nationality into the United States, and at the same time, there is no mutuality, and Americans are not allowed in here.

AMY GOODMAN: Leah Tsemel is a Jewish Israeli human rights lawyer. She’s speaking to us from Jerusalem. And we’re now joined by Suzy Salamy, who is a Palestinian American filmmaker. She just attempted to get into the Occupied Territories to do a film, to chronicle what’s happening there. She was held in a cell. She was detained, then she was deported. She’s home in Columbus, Ohio, now. Welcome to Democracy Now!, Suzy.

SUZY SALAMY: Hi, Amy. How are you?

AMY GOODMAN: Good. Can you describe what happened to you and when it happened?

SUZY SALAMY: I attempted to get into Israel. I flew into Ben Gurion Airport on the 4th of January, was immediately pulled aside. Once they see your passport and they see your last name—my last name is Salamy; it’s Palestinian—even though it’s an American passport, they pull you aside, and you’re held for many hours. I was held for eight hours, and during that time, I was interrogated by four different people. And they decided at the end of it that I was going to not be allowed to enter. They put me in a detention center. They strip-searched me. They put me in a detention center and then the next morning brought me directly to an airplane, Air Canada airplane.

AMY GOODMAN: Suzy, did you say they strip-searched you?

SUZY SALAMY: Oh, yes. They do that all the time to people they deem as security threats. They went through my items, you know, to see if they had any sort of bomb residue on it. And then they took me into a room and, you know, made me take off my bra, drop my pants, etc., even though I had already been there for eight hours. If anything was going to happen, it would have already happened, if I had anything on me. But, you know, the point is to humiliate and make you feel powerless.

AMY GOODMAN: Now, you were born here in the United States?

SUZY SALAMY: Yeah. My grandfather is from Ramallah—was from Ramallah. I have relatives who still live there now. Most of them have left, because of the occupation, but my main drive was to go there and shoot a documentary on this program called Birthright Unplugged, which brings American Jews into the West Bank to show them what it’s like for Palestinians and brings Palestinian refugees into Israeli to show them what Palestinians inside Israel live like. The irony is that I couldn’t get in to show them, but, of course, the American Jews could go in without a problem.

AMY GOODMAN: Sam Bahour, what is your situation right now? My understanding is you were recently denied a permit of re-entry. What is your status and that of your family at this point?

SAM BAHOUR: Well, I’ve been here on three-month intervals for the last 13 years, very difficult in terms of planning for family or business. Last October, when I attempted to renew my tourist visa, it was stamped “Last permit.” Many people have received this stamp during this last phase, and that means that you have to leave the country and take the risk of reentering and possibly being denied entry. This is when the campaign decided that we would take the issue of “last permit” at a very global media kind of approach, and we think that we were very successful in raising all the needed eyebrows from a governmental point of view, as well as from a human rights point of view, and I was able to re-enter.

Right now, I have to take a decision again in February to leave and take the risk of coming back, or like thousands others have done, to ignore leaving and overstay the visa until this is solved politically, but that would mean I would not even be able to leave my neighborhood, because Israeli military jeeps are in every city, including Ramallah, and at any one of those checkpoints or any jeep that would stop me would mean I could be deported on the spot. So this is from a personal level.

From a business level, it’s even worse. You know, this is the holy land. We missed, basically, the Christmas season, because pilgrims were hesitant to come back during Christmas out of fear of being denied entry, because by that time they had heard that throughout 2006 people were being returned.

We were hoping that this movement from the Israeli side by issuing this letter would have solved this issue properly, because we wanted to be able to be able to see pilgrims come back for Easter. That seems like it’s not going to happen. Our next target is summer, because many Palestinian Americans and Palestinians with relatives abroad want to come back during summer vacation, and we’re getting a lot of calls, basically telling us, “Should we come back or not?” And that’s a very hard thing to tell someone, is not to come back to see your family.

AMY GOODMAN: Your family is in Ramallah now?

SAM BAHOUR: Yes, I have—my wife is here and my two daughters, a six- and twelve-year-old. They all have Palestinian IDs. I’m the only one who doesn’t. So if I am denied entry, I fear that it will only be a matter of time before I would ask my family to join me. And I think this is what the Israeli policy is all about: forcing ethnic cleansing in a very sterilized way, one family at a time at the border. And before we know it, we’ll have a half a million people that were forced out of Palestine, just like what happened in 1948, just like what happened in 1967, but in 2007, it’s being done in a very sterile way.

AMY GOODMAN: And, Suzy Salamy, you’re back in the United States. How long were you held for, and what are your plans now? Do you hold out hope with this letter that the Israeli government has released, stating the policy of denying foreign nationals entry has been released? Will you try to go back in to do your film?

SUZY SALAMY: Oh, yes. I will absolutely try to go back in. I mean, that letter, I think, was released before I was detained, so obviously it didn’t work for me. But I plan to fight it as much as I can, whatever I can do from here—unfortunately, it’s going to be difficult—but I do plan to return and try to return this summer to continue to shoot this documentary and visit family that I have there.

AMY GOODMAN: Well, I want to thank you all for being with us. I’m sorry the Israeli embassy didn’t join us. Sam Bahour, Palestinian American businessman, speaking to us from Ramallah, as well as Anita Abdullah, who together with Sam is involved with the Campaign for the Right of Entry/Re-Entry to the Occupied Palestinian Territory. She is also a researcher at Birzeit University. Leah Tsemel, Israeli Jewish human rights lawyer, speaking to us from Jerusalem. And Suzy Salamy, an independent filmmaker who was just deported from Israel, as she tried to get into the West Bank.

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Creating Cultures of Solidarity: American Jews Redefine Birthright
An Interview with Dunya Alwan and Hannah Mermelstein from Birthright Unplugged and Birthright Re-Plugged

Jodi Melamed | Nerve House | December 2006

(text in larger type below)

return to top

Creating Cultures of Solidarity: American Jews Redefine Birthright
An Interview with Dunya Alwan and Hannah Mermelstein from Birthright Unplugged and Birthright Re-Plugged

Jodi Melamed | Nerve House | December 2006

Israel encourages Jewish settlement through a "Law of Return" that automatically confers Israeli citizenship on Jews, Jewish descendants and spouses regardless of place of birth, while denying the "Right of Return" mandated by UN Resolution 194 to millions of Palestinian refugees born on lands that are now claimed by Israel. Programs like Birthright Israel encourage further Palestinian displacement and Jewish settlement for Jewish North Americans through all-expenses paid trips to Israel.

Jodi Melamed: What are Birthright Unplugged and Birthright Re-Plugged and how do these work?

Dunya Alwan and Hannah Mermelstein: Unplugged is a 6-day trip to Palestinian cities, villages, and refugee camps. While the trip is designed for North American Jewish people, we welcome people of all backgrounds. Through these trips, we facilitate people's access to Palestinian communities they otherwise might not know how to access, and support them in becoming activists and advocates for Palestinian rights in their home communities.

Unplugged is both a response to the need we see for Jewish people to learn about Palestinian life under occupation, and the need Palestinian friends and colleagues have expressed to get their stories of suffering and resistance out into the world.

Re-Plugged is a 2-day trip for Palestinian children who live in refugee camps. We work with children who are under 16 years old and therefore do not yet have the ID cards that Israel uses to control their movement. We take them to Jerusalem, to the sea, to meet with Palestinians who have Israeli citizenship, and finally to visit the villages that their grandparents fled in 1948. The children document their experiences and create exhibits, films, and artwork in an effort to contribute to their community's collective memory.

JM: If the Birthright Israel tours are designed to be "rituals of return" that implant a Jewish identity committed to defending the Israeli occupation of Palestine, what kind of "ritual" is Birthright Unplugged? What kind of Jewish identity and action might it foster?

DA / HM: For people whose sense of ritual comes largely through a Jewish identity that is tied to Israel and to Zionism, beginning to question that can be a disorienting process. Our Unplugged trips give people a sense of community as they begin to create new rituals and reform old ones to better reflect their values.

Recently, five of our alumni were involved in nationally coordinated actions expressing solidarity with Palestinian and Lebanese people during the high holidays. In Boston, mostly Jewish people confronted the Jewish Federation wearing the traditional white of the holidays and blowing the shofar (ram's horn) as a wake-up call for justice. In San Francisco and Seattle, people conducted a tashlich ceremony, throwing bread into water to symbolize casting away the wrongdoings of the year, including occupation and murder.

JM: What kind of "ritual of return" does Birthright Re-Plugged provide for Palestinian children?

DA / HM: If you ask most Palestinian refugees where they are from, you are more likely to hear "Zakariah" or "Jerash" (occupied and destroyed villages now inside Israel) than "Dheisheh refugee camp" or "Bethlehem." People's sense of memory, loss, and hope for return are alive in their daily experiences, and they identify with the villages their grandparents left by force 58 years ago, even if they themselves have never been there. The connection is a very real one, and one that we are able to solidify by an actual visit to the land.
Upon return—for the first time—to their villages, Palestinian children on our trip have rolled around in the grass; picked flowers for each other; collected plants, stones, and dirt that their grand-parents may have planted or used; and photographed every inch of the land.

The visit to their villages, to the sea, and to Jerusalem are a pilgrimage of sorts, and a ritual of reconstruction as the Palestine they have only seen in pieces and heard through separate stories becomes whole again, at least in their minds and hearts.

JM: Why do you retain the idea of "Birthright" for both programs?

DA / HM: We retain the word "Birthright" for both programs, one in an attempt to debunk the idea and another to re-affirm it.
The idea behind our Unplugged program is to challenge the concept of an exclusive Jewish "birthright" to another people's land. It is to speak out against the Israeli law that says that we, as Jewish people, can move to and claim full rights on the land that the Palestinians, who are from that land, are forbidden from even visiting.

Our Re-Plugged program is an attempt to affirm for these children their birthright to the land they would have been born on had their grandparents not been forcefully removed due to the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state.

JM: What are the examples of daily life under occupation that Jewish participants have experienced on the tour?

DA / HM: Without exception, our Unplugged participants are deeply moved by their experiences on our trips. Some of the most difficult events people have witnessed have involved severe movement restrictions (checkpoints, roadblocks) and settler attacks. On one occasion, a meeting in Hebron was interrupted by the news that a settler attack was taking place around the corner. Our group went with the organization we were meeting with to assess the situation, and found a large group of teenage girls yelling and spitting at Palestinian shopkeepers. The shopkeepers were cleaning up the damage that stones and fists had done just a few minutes earlier.
People have also been incredibly moved by the lives of Palestinian refugees, both living in refugee camps and internally displaced within Israel's current borders. They have seen the narrow streets of the camps, and heard of people's desire to visit cities that our participants have casually passed through and are maybe only 10 minutes from their homes but impossible to reach. They have seen villages inside Israel that were destroyed in 1948, and have seen the pine forests that the Jewish National Fund has planted on top of the rubble of the old buildings.

JM: What was the path you took that led to Birthright Unplugged and Birthright Re-Plugged?

DA / HM: We were both doing human rights work and supporting Palestinian-led nonviolent resistance. The longer we worked in the West Bank, the more people began to tell us that the most important thing we can do to help is to return to our communities and share the stories of what we saw and to share Palestinian voices with American, Jewish, and other people. Birthright Unplugged began as a result of this.

The Re-Plugged program came the following season and now we cannot imagine our work without it. The two programs complement each other on a symbolic level while providing two distinct experiences for our participants in reality.

JM: What relationship do you see between your social justice work in Israel/Palestine and your work in the United States?

HM: I have worked within the U.S. and Palestine to use some of the privilege I have to challenge and ultimately dismantle this privilege. As a white person, it is my responsibility to challenge racism. As a U.S. citizen in the world, it is my responsibility to challenge U.S. foreign policy. As a Jewish person, it is my responsibility to challenge Zionism.

DA: I see all social justice work as interconnected. The kinds of questions I want us to be asking are how are power and access at play, what mechanisms will make our community(ies) safer and increasingly humane across ethnicities and cultures and other differences, and how do our actions contribute or not to an improving world vision.

DA / HM: People with power do not tend to recognize that they have power, or that others do not, and the myth that each person can and should take care of him/herself prevails in many cultures of power. This leads otherwise good people to stand aside as others are being oppressed, not seeing their own role in the oppression or the possibility of their role in creating justice. With our work, we hope to support the creation of cultures of solidarity that will truly make us all safer and will help to make the lives of all tolerable and hopefully even transformative.